All Works (Full)
SB 10.8. Lord Kṛṣṇa Shows the Universal Form within His Mouth
Sri Garga Samhita
Chapter Fifteen Nanda-patnyā viśva-rūpa-darśanam Revelation of the Universal Form to Nanda's Wife
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Verse text
Synonyms
Translation
Ananda Vrindavan Champu
Krsna's Yawning and Childhood Pranks
Yasoda felt as if she had attained the ultimate fulfillment of all desires by having Krsna as her son. Gazing at the lotus face of her darling pleased her more than pleasure itself. One day Krsna yawned while Vrajesvari breast fed Him. His yawning face appeared like a fully blossoming lotus flower. Yasoda saw the earth and all its trees, mountains, oceans, and cities situated in Krsna's mouth. She also saw both herself and Nanda Maharaja within His mouth. Perceiving this touch of her son's transcendental opulence overwhelmed Yasoda with astonishment. What more can be said? .
On another day when Yasoda breast fed Krsna, she glanced lovingly\at His lotus face and said, "0 my darling son! Please open Your mouth so I can see if any baby teeth have come in yet." Yasoda saw His baby teeth looking just like tiny drops of her breast milk. In this way Krsna fulfilled the desires of everyone, just as the rising moon creates happiness in all directions with its soothing rays. Everyday it appeared that Pusti-devi, the goddess of satisfaction, directly served Krsna by ever increasing His pleasure. Sometimes Yasoda held Krsna to her breast, and other times Nanda carried Him about on his shoulders.
Although Krsna is beyond the force of time, rules, and regulations, by His free will He seemed to be following the laws governing human beings. At this time, Krsna, whose body is softer than the petals of a lotus, crawled around Nanda's courtyard on His hands and knees. Hearing the sweet tinkling of His own waist-bells, Krsna stopped moving and looked with surprise. Turning His conch-shell shaped neck, He glanced curiously over His shoulder. Seeing these childish antics of Krsna filled Mother Yasoda's heart with inconceivable joy.
Crawling across the room, Krsna eventually came to the door leading outside. Birds sat on the arches over the jewel-inlaid doorway. Seeing the birds' forms reflected in the jewels, Krsna tried to touch them with His soft reddish fingers, which resembled the pink color (aruna) of the sky at dawn. The elderly gopis relished these simple yet sublime pastimes of Krsna-kumara.
Krsna is completely made of transcendental consciousness, yet He appears to act like an ordinary human child. Although He has assumed a charmingly soft and enchantingly beautiful form. He is actually the concentrated form of the Absolute Truth. Just for fun Krsna crawled around like a little baby pretending to be learning about the world. By such pastimes He filled the Vrajavasi ladies with joy. Sometimes the elderly gopis joked with Krsna and affectionately asked Him, "Point to Your face. Point to Your ear. Where are Your eyes?" Krsna answered by touching those parts with His delicate leaf-like fingers. The "dies continued, "Krsna, show us Your teeth." Krsna put His lotus hand to His mouth, smiled and replied shyly, "My teeth have not yet come out."
The wife of Upananda asked Krsna, "Who is Your father? Who is Your mother? Please tell us." Again beaming that irresistible smile, Krsna-kumara pointed toward Yasoda and Nanda Baba with His leaf-like hand. The Vraja gopas thrilled with bliss to see this.
One nurse, brimming with maternal affection, tested Krsna's speaking ability. She said, "Can you say the names of Your parents?" Krsna answered with distinct, softly spoken words. Then to everyone's amazement, Krsna-kumara transgressed the rules of Sanskrit by combining the first syllable of the word mata (mother) and the second syllable of the word tata (father) and said, "MaTa" again and again.
Sometime later Krsna crawled into a room full of gems and jewels, and became afraid upon seeing His own reflection in the jewels. In His enchantment He tried to erase the reflection with His hand. But He could not remove the image at all. Overcome with fear, Krsna climbed up on Yasoda's lap in order to escape.
Krsna tried to stand up and take a few steps on His own. Falling on His bottom, He would look unhappily at Yasoda and cry for a moment. To encourage Him, Yasoda held Krsna's finger and walked beside Him. Then that lotus face, which had previously wilted from crying, blossomed with a bright smile. Thus Krsna brought great joy to mother Yasoda with His moonlike face which bathed His body in the nectar of gentle beauty.
One day Radharani's grandmother Mukhara played a joke on Krsna by asking, "0 darling! Go fetch the large clay pot, the low wooden seat, and the drinking cup." With a mild smile on His face Krsna gingerly held some of the articles in His hands while balancing the remainder on His gorgeous belly. After walking some distance Krsna rested a little, and then slowly lifted those articles and brought them all to Mukhara. The heavy items that He could not lift, He just touched and left alone.
Then the wives of Upananda and Sunanda arrived and asked Vrajaraja Nanda if they could see Krsna. Due to having previously worshiped great devotees like Narada Muni and others, the wives of Upananda and Sunanda achieved the rare fortune of seeing the charming lotus feet of Krsna. They lifted Krsna onto their laps and said, “O darling! You are the son of the king, so just drop these things. Such work is not proper for You." Then they rebuked Mukhara and threw away the things Krsna had carried.
In so many ways the village ladies joked with Krsna. One elderly goni said, "0 my beloved Krsna! If You dance for me, I will give You some sweet butter." Krsna danced with delight for the pleasure of Yasoda and the gopis by gracefully moving His legs and gesturing artfully with His hands. At another time, one gopi smiled and said, "What is that, darling that looks like a golden doll? Is that beautiful golden line adorning Your chest Your wife?" Everyone laughed when Krsna agreed by smiling and slightly moving His head from side to side.
At other times Yasoda affectionately dressed Krsna with exquisitely fine beautiful yellow cloth that complemented His attractive waist. Unaccustomed to such opulent dress, Krsna felt bothered by it so He tried to take it off while frowning and crying. Yasoda greatly enjoyed watching Krsna throw away His clothes. Once the housewives of Vrndavana sat in a loxely place braiding Yasoda's hair and decorating her with her favorite jewelry Suddenly restless Krsna snatched the ornaments from Yasoda's body, and tried to put them on again in the wrong places.
Thus Krsna, with a splendid necklace hanging from His chest, gradually completed His crawling pastimes (carana bihard). Watching the babyhood pastimes of his beloved son immersed Vrajaraja Nanda in an ocean of bliss from
Now we will describe more of Krsna-Balarama's nectarean pastimes. In order to see Krsna's childhood pastimes the demigods had previously worshiped Devaki. But even more venerable than the demigods is Rohini, the mother of Balarama, who had performed an unlimited number of pious deeds. She existed as the embodiment of piety.
That person whom Rohini carried within her womb took birth before Lord Krsna. Rohini was famous because her son manifested both the majesty and the sweet love of the Absolute Truth. All the great sages and realized saints have glorified Rohini, the mother of Baladeva. Krsna and Balarama behaved just like ordinary human children. The beautiful display of Their pastimes seemed like the movements of emerald and crystal. When They played together Krsna and Balarama looked like a monsoon cloud and moonbeams, a white lotus and a blue lotus, a pure white swan gliding on the ice blue waves of the Yamuna, or a ray of moonlight shining through the darkest night. The fantastic transcendental pastimes of Krsna and Balarama far surmounted the frivolous play of ordinary children.
The spiritual bodies of Krsna and Balarama glistened like the attractive glow of blue sapphires and pure crystals. When Balarama embraced his brother in a playful mood of ecstasy, Krsna looked like a blue jewel held within a conchshell. Seeing the mixture of Their brilliant effulgences, Yasoda could not tell Them apart. At such times she often mistook Krsna for Balarama. During Their childhood, Krsna and Balarama behaved very naughtily. Taking sticks in Their hands They used to chase ferocious animals. Sometimes they ran into blazing forest fires, or dashed in front of proud bulls while fearlessly trying to grab their long horns. These actions terrified Yasoda and Rohini, and filled them with apprehension and concern for their beloved boys.
The Name Giving Ceremony of Krsna
Vasudeva, the embodiment of pure goodness, sent the famous priest Garga Muni to Gokula to perform the name giving ceremony of Krsna and Balarama. By his purity, Vasudeva blessed everyone and liberated his ancestors from their sinful reactions. Because of having perfectly controlled his senses, his fame spread in every direction for all time. The essence of yajna is mantra, and the essence of Garga Rsi was his vast intelligence, which he used to give expert advice. As Kapila Muni had previously described the twenty-four elements of material nature, Garga Muni explained the truth of the planetary movements. He perfectly understood the four Vedas and the twenty-two different intonations of chanting Vedic mantras. As the ocean is the source of all rivers, Garga Rsi stood as a rich storehouse of all branches of Vedic knowledge.
As the sun removes darkness and manifests simultaneously in many places, Garga Muni destroyed the ocean of ignorance and became famous everywhere for his austerities. He also established a dynasty in his name. As clouds gather over Mt. Sumeru, the best of mountains, and pour profuse rain during the monsoon season, wherever Garga Muni stayed in Vrndavana he showered everyone with unlimited joy. Due to his exceptional character, he brought good fortune to all. Garga Muni, the acarya of the Yadu dynasty, did not immediately disclose the reason for his visiting Nanda Maharaja. Vrajaraja Nanda received him respectively, offered obeisances, worshiped him, and washed his feet. Serving the great sage filled Nanda's heart with remarkable bliss.
Afterwards Nanda Maharaja took Garga Muni to a private place, sprinkled the sage's caranamrta on his head, and spoke submissively, "0 best of the sages!
Saints of your caliber show compassion to others by your exemplary behaviour You remove the sufferings of birth, death, disease, old age and other miseries without a doubt, sages like you sanctify the world. Indeed I have attained unlimited fortune by drinking your caranamrta. Simply a particle of dust from the feet of a realized soul like you, who possesses all auspicious qualities, can liberate the entire universe from mountains of sin. Those who worship saintly persons usually have many desires to fulfill. Simply by seeing you today the creeper of my desire has borne fruit.
."Although you are physically strong, you are devoid of desire. You act only to benefit others by relieving their distress. Your presence here has made my life successful, so I need not ask why you have come. But listen I have something to say which you may not like. I am praying to you because you are famous throughout the world for your compassion and selflessness. Your glories illuminate the whole world.
"I am disturbed by various anxieties, but I feel somewhat afraid to approach you because of your exalted position. Nevertheless, since your heart is very soft, I feel inclined to reveal my mind to you. 0 Master! The fame of Anakadundubhi (Vasudeva) is heard throughout the world like the sound of a dundubhi drum. I will be pleased and indebted if you publicly announce the names of our two sons Rama and Krsna. Please perform the necessary rituals for Their auspicious name-giving ceremony."
Favorably inclined, Garga Muni replied, "0 Vrajaraja! Your humility conquers the hearts of everyone, and your submissive request is free from pride and arrogance. As the soothing rays of the moon bring pleasure to the kumuda flower, I will satisfy your cherished desire in all respects. There is no one in this world like the wicked King Kamsa. He is notorious for his cruelty and cannot stand to see anyone else enjoy. He is like a poisonous fruit on a dangling creeper. He defeated the demigods and put everyone in distress. Now without any challenge, he has seized control of your country.
"Kamsa is always meditating upon the son of Vasudeva and inquiring about His whereabouts. He hisses loudly like a snake hiding in a mountain cave. He knows I am the acarya of the Yadu dynasty. Therefore, 0 Vrajaraja Nanda! If I perform the auspicious name giving ceremony of your son, then the inimical kings, who are moving amongst us in disguise, will immediately disclose the news to that wicked king. All the sinful kings of the Bhoja dynasty will treat us cruelly due to their malice. And among them, Kamsa is envious and malicious. As a fire burning within a tree causes continual pain, such kings give relentless suffering to others. It is very difficult, therefore, to execute this ceremony."
Overwhelmed with lamentation over Garga Muni's words, Nanda Maharaja replied, "0 my Master! Your statements are certainly correct
Is there anyone alive who could be envious of you? 0 affectionate one! The foolish people will not know if we secretly hold the name-giving ceremony "1 my house. Besides our four eyes, there are no other eyes here to see.
"No one else will find out if we observe the ceremony along with my intimate family members. Since you are the embodiment of fortune, your presence alone can easily remove the misery of material existence. There is no need for the external pomp of drums, cymbals, and other musical instruments. You alone can perform the ceremony by chanting all the necessary hymns and mantras."
Garga Muni's face beamed happily upon hearing Nanda's words. As a glass bowl of oil reveals the objects within it, Garga Muni's executing this service showed his inner prema rasa. Mother Yasoda and Rohini then brought Krsna and Rama before the great sage. While gazing at Krsna, Garga Muni mused, "The body of this little boy holds within Himself all the truths of the Upanisads, and He firmly establishes the existence of God Is He a flower on the desire tree causing all our good fortune? Is His form the origin of the nectar ocean of condensed bliss? Jnanis see Him as Brahman or the Lord of the universe. Mental speculators see Him as the creator. Mystic yogis see Him as the Supersoul and saintly devotees worship Him as Bhagavan.
"Although beyond the influence of time and space, that very same Personality of Godhead plays in the lap of His pure devotees Nanda and Yasoda. 0 what an amazing sight! Is He the causeless origin of a beautiful light within the dense darkness of ignorance? Ah! His form is completely astonishing. Though reclining on the lap of His mother, He floods my heart with a stream of joy. His darsana satisfies my eyes like a lamp of cooling camphor. The fragrance of His body resembles the sweet smell of burning aguru and sandalwood."
"Krsna causes my body to manifest ecstatic symptoms such as shaking, hair standing erect and mental bewilderment. I came here to do His name giving ceremony, but if this joyous state continues it will be impossible for me to do it."
Considering the situation, Garga again pondered, "If I hold on to His feet everyone will say, This Garga Muni has gone crazy.' If I embrace Him to my chest people will say I am acting frivolously. Alas! If I hold back and do nothing, I.will become filled with anxiety and lose my patience. But never mind; let it be like this. Today my life has really become fortunate.
My eyes have attained perfection, my learning and exalted birth we now become blessed. The Lord has shown His compassion upon me and made my life successful by making me the acarya of the divine Yadu dynasty.”
Thinking thus, Garga Muni simultaneously drank nectar and bathed in an ocean of bliss. Due to this he seemed to be sleeping though awake; to be in illusion though wise; to have fallen unconscious though alive; to be blind though seeing; to be deaf tough hearing; speaking though appearing dumb, and to be frivolous though patient.
Yasoda and Rohini brought Krsna and Rama to Garga Muni. Full of all good fortune, these two boys remove all misfortune. Before naming the children, Garga Muni blessed Them by chanting auspicious mantras. After dispelling all negative elements, Garga Muni selected appropriate names and initiated the ceremony saying, "The son of Vasudeva is as powerful as the Supreme Personality of Godhead, and He shall be named Bala because He possesses extraordinary power. In the future He will enjoy wrestling so He will also be called Baladeva. Sometimes His friends will defeat Him in the sport of cracking jokes. At that time they will say '0 Deva! Now show us your strength.' For His relishing of hasya ra'a (mellow of humor), He will be called Balarama.
"He is the personification of fame and perfection and more glorious than the creator. Since He will attract all people 'arid remove their sins the name Sankarsana also befits Him. Handsome and pleasing to everybody, this boy will become famous as Rama. Because He will show extraordinary strength while playing He will be called Balarama.
"As bhakti-yoga is found among the four castes, your youngest son appears in four colors: white, red, yellow, and dark blue. Although your son resembles the hue of a blue sapphire, in every millenium He manifests a different color to show His compassion. In Satya-yuga, the people lived religious lives free from sin. Your son appeared in that age in a white color. In Treta-yuga, fire had three names: daksine-agni, gdrhapatya-dgni, and dhavanya-dgni. In that age your son appeared as the combination of these three fires known as Yajna. In Dvapara-yuga, the Lord appears in a dark blue color resembling the syama color (dark blue complexion) of your son. In Kali-yuga, the age of quarrel, He has a golden color.
"He will be addressed as Krsna which is a combination of five letters: ka, ri, sa, na, a. By the first four letters of His name He assumed the different colors of the fouryugas. His present syama color signifies Visnu, which is indicated by the last letter of Krsna's name. Therefore, He, who now assumes the color of a blue sapphire, is the origin of all the other yuga avataras and shall be known as Krsna.
"He will be called Krsna for His ability to attract the hearts of His lovers and take away the sins of His devotees. The word krsi means existence and the letter na signifies bliss. His primary name is Krsna because He is the personification of bliss and etemality. Sometimes your younger so combines with Yogamaya to appear as the son of the liberated sou Vasudeva. For this reason He will also be known throughout the world a Vasudeva. Your son has all the qualities of Narayana such as mercy, to giveness, truthfulness, and cleanliness. Sarasvati, the goddess of learning has put these concepts in my mind. Although Narayana is equal to Krsna your son is the origin and Narayana is His expansion. Since your son possesses the power to maintain the universe, everyone will call Him Narayana.
Not only Sarasvati proclaims this, but I also agree. My words fail to reach extent of your son's unlimited glories. Nanda Maharaja! You are fortunate to have such a phenomenal child. By His mercy you will easily overcome all difficulties now and in the future. Not only that, but anyone who loves your son will have all his desires fulfilled. Though the pandits have attained the rare fortune of knowing everything, still they will not be able to fathom the identity of your son. Do not reveal this confidential truth to anyone."
Then Garga Muni picked up Krsna, who removes all distress, and placed Him on his lap. From the touch of Krsna, the sage experienced ecstatic symptoms such as horripilation and hairs standing erect. At that moment Garga Muni thought, "Aha! This boy is displaying unprecedented effulgence. How can this child's transcendental brilliance appear along with material objects such as kajala, a cloud, a blue lotus, and a blue sapphire? expert pandits have explained this by saying that the Brahman has appeared on earth as the effulgence of your jewel-like son." After giving the boys a final loving embrace, Garga Muni placed Them on Nanda's lap and prepared to leave. Nanda Maharaja stood up and respectfully escorted Garga Muni outside.
Krsna's Pastimes of Stealing Butter
Krsna's pastimes of crawling about and drinking His mother's breast milk gradually stopped. Soon He walked on His lotus feet and started stealing butter. Is there anyone who did not feel unlimited bliss when the Lord, who is the very source of bliss, enacted His childhood pastimes?
One day when no one was looking, Krsna began His pastimes of stealing fresh butter. Startled upon seeing His own reflection in a jeweled inlaid pillar. He shivered in fear and said, "0 dear brother, do not tell mother. I will save some butter for You and You may enjoy too." Watching her mischievous son from a hidden place. Mother Yasoda heard these sweet broken words with great relish. Then she innocently appeared before Krsna and Rama.
Pointing to His effulgent reflection, Krsna said, "0 Ma! Being very greedy, this boy came here today to steal your butter. Although I forbade Him, He did not listen to Me. And when I got angry with Him, He also got angry. But I am not at all greedy for butter.” One day while Yasoda was outside the house engaged in some domestic activities, inside the house Krsna stole butter again. When Yasoda returned and called out, “O my darling Krsna! Where are You and what are You doing?” Hearing her, Krsna became afraid and stopped stealing butter. Pausing for a moment, He answered, "Mother! My hand started burning from the shining effulgence of My ruby bangles,so I stuck it in this butter pot to relieve the pain."
Pleased by her son's clever words, Yasoda said, "Hey Vatsa! Please come sit on my lap. Oh My darling, show me the bums on Your hand." Then Yasoda kissed Krsna's hand and consoled Him, saying, "Ahh.-.ahh... Look, Your hand has been burned. So let me remove these ruby bangles." On another day Krsna cried and rubbed His eyes with His flower bud-like palms. In a choked voice He uttered unintelligible phrases. Even though Yasoda had previously scolded Krsna for stealing butter, this time she wiped the tears from His eyes with the edge of her sari. While tenderly caressing Krsna, She said, "Hey Lala, all of our stock of butter actually belongs to You alone."
One night the soothing rays of the full moon illumined the courtyard of Nanda's house. Yasoda sat there talking with some elderly gopis while Krsna played nearby gazing at the moon. Sneaking up behind Yasoda, Krsna removed the veil covering her head, loosened her braid, and patted her on the back to get her attention with His butter-soft lotus palms. His voice choked up as He continually cried. Yasoda's heart swelled with maternal love, so she indicated with a glance that her friends should attend to Krsna.
With great respect and affection the gopis enthusiastically lifted up Krsna and asked, "0 darling! What do You want? Do You want some khira?” Krsna replied, "No, No!" "Do You want some thick creamy yogurt?" Krsna replied, "No, No!" "Do you want some cheese?" Again Krsna said, "No, no! I want freshly churned condensed butter." The gopis continued, "Do not lament or be angry with Your mother. What do You mean by 'condensed butter?' " Pointing His little index finger to the full moon, Krsna replied, "I want that freshly churned condensed butter!"
The elderly gopis said, "0 Vatsa! Do not mistake the moon for a hug< piece of butter. It is a rajahamsa (royal swan) gliding across the lake " the sky." Krsna said, "Then give Me that rajahamsa so I can play wi him. Quickly catch him before he reaches the bank of the lake. Full anxiety, Krsna kicked His legs and cried loudly, "Give Me! Give Me!"
While Krsna showed his childish antics, some other gopis said, "0 darling! They have lied to You. What You see is not a rajahamsa, but it is t! moon hanging in the sky and it is called Candra." Krsna said, "Then give Me that Candra! I really want it so I can play with it. Right now! Get it!
Yasoda placed her crying son on her lap and comforted Him, "Daninf Actually it is freshly churned condensed butter! Definitely, it is not rajahamsa nor is it the moon. Regardless, I can never give it to You. Ju see by chance or by the arrangement of Providence it has poisonous spo on it. Although it looks very tasty, no one in this world can eat it." Then Krsna said, "Mother, mother! Why is it stained with spots of poison? What is poison anyway?" Seeing a change in Krsna's mood, mother Yasoda embraced Him and spoke in a gentle, sweet voice. "Listen attentively my dearest son. There is an ocean of milk called Ksira-sagara."
Krsna: "Mother please tell Me about that? How many milk cows made that ocean?"
Yasoda: "Darling, the milk ocean was not made by cows."
Krsna: "Mother, you are lying to Me. How can there be milk without
Yasoda: "The one who gave cows the ability to produce milk can also make milk even without cows."
Krsna: "Who is He?"
Yasoda: "He is the Lord, the cause of creation. He is Bhagavan. He is immovable and all pervading. Although He is everywhere, I cannot show Him to You."
Krsna: "Well mother, are you telling Me the truth?"
Yasoda: "Long ago the demigods and the demons had a fight. To favor the demigods and bewilder the demons, the Lord churned the ocean of milk. Mandara Mountain served as the churning rod and Vasuki, the king of the serpents, offered his body for the rope. The demons and demigods stood on opposite sides pulling that rope."
Krsna: "Mother, did they churn the way the gopis do?"
Yasoda: "Yes my son. The churning of the Ksira-sagara produced a poison named kalakuta."
Krsna: "Mother, how did churning milk produce poison? Only snakes have poison."
Yasoda: "Darling, Mahadeva drank that poison. But the snakes drank the drops of poison that fell from his mouth. As a result, they now have poison. The poison rising from that milk is also the energy of the Lord."
Krsna: "Yes mother that is indeed true."
Yasoda: "Darling, this condensed butter You are seeing in the sky is produced from that Ksira-sagara. That is why the moon is spotted with the remnants of that poison. Look carefully, do You see it? Therefore, "o not try to eat that butter, but please take my freshly churned butter instead." After hearing this description, Krsna felt sleepy so mother Yasoda put Him to rest in an opulent golden bed on a fluffy soft mattress, whiter than powdered camphor.
The next morning Yasoda brought butter, yogurt and other eatables to Kṛṣṇa’ss room. Lovingly fondling His body, she said, "Wake up! God forbid, you seem to be weak from not eating sufficiently yesterday." After Kṛṣṇa awoke, Yasoda cleansed His mouth with scented water. Then she offered Him a golden plate full of butter, yogurt and other delights while saying, "0 my beloved son, take whatever You like."
Krsna replied, "Mother, I will not eat anything that you have brought Me. Last night you lied to Me and put Me to sleep. And I felt very distressed due to hunger." Yasoda said, "Krsna, if You went to sleep then who stole the butter?" Krsna replied, "Mother, when did I steal your butter? You are lying." With His charming transcendental pastimes Krsna continually captivated the heart of mother Yasoda.
Sometimes while roaming in the courtyard Krsna caught a stray calf, put it on His lap, and kissed it with His lotus mouth. Seeing this Yasoda felt both pleased and apprehensive. In the pasturing ground Krsna sometimes grabbed the tail of a calf. Startled, the calf would jump up and run away dragging Krsna, dressed only by the wind, behind him. Thus the uncovered Brahman personified stole the hearts of the Vrajavasis.
Sometimes, Krsna smeared cow dung all over Himself. Seeing it as musk covering His body, the Vrajavasis enjoyed a festival of beauty. How can there be any inebriety in the one who is beauty personified? At other times, Yasoda tied a very attractive turban on Krsna's head, and dressed Him in gorgeous yellow garments. After marking His body with tilaka the color of gorocana, she would anoint His lotus eyes with soft kajala.
Adopting the mood of an ordinary mother, Yasoda placed her saliva on Krsna's forehead to prevent people from casting an evil eye on her son, whose sublime elegance enchants the entire creation. While playing in the courtyards of the gopis, Krsna often wore a necklace of tiger nails set in gold and a waist belt bedecked with costly jewels.
Once the Vraja gopis talked amongst themselves, "Krsna brings good fortune wherever He goes, and His presence make everyone's life glorious. Who in this world is not enchanted by the frivolous and amusing childhood pastimes of Krsna? Who cannot appreciate these mirthful activities?" Rather than getting upset, they felt the greatest happiness whenever Krsna broke their clay pots and stole their butter.
Still the housewives of Vrndavana pretended to be angry and complained to Yasoda about Krsna's stealing. In a mixed mood of love and laughter the gopis warned Yasoda, "0 Queen of Vrndavana, Yasoda! In the future you will suffer for the mischievous acts of your son. Although now yo\s son is like a young sprout with tender leaves, already He is disrupting the whole creation. But be careful, in the future when this tender sprout grows into a tree full of leaves and branches, He will bring you tremendous pair-Now your boy's adventures are just beginning, but by nature they are forever expanding. Your son's naughty behavior will soon destroy our own village. We have no idea what mischief He will do next.
"Before our cows have been milked, your son unties the calves and makes them drink all the milk. If someone tries to rebuke Him, He simply smiles sweetly and that person immediately forgets all his anger. If we keep our butter in a dark storeroom, He uses His natural effulgence to easily find and steal it. But instead of eating it Himself, He takes great pleasure in feeding it to the monkeys. When the monkeys reach their fill and are unable to eat more, Krsna breaks the pot and throws the butter on the ground. He catches the butter pots which are beyond His reach by stacking many small tables on top of each of other, climbing them, and extending His arm to grab the pots. Krsna is always stealing our butter and yogurt. If someone tries to stop Him, He immediately drops the food on the ground and quickly escapes.
If by chance a housewife captures Him, Krsna twists her wrist and runs away. Then from a safe distance He yells back, 'Hey just stay where you are! If you come any closer, I will give you even more trouble by teasing your babies and making them cry.'
"If someone calls, 'Hey thief, stop!' Krsna becomes angry and shouts, 'You are the thief. This house is Mine and everything in this house belongs to Me.' In the morning we spread a fresh layer of clay on the outer walls of our houses, and paint beautiful designs on top of it with powdered limestone. Then your son Krsna comes along to spoil everything by throwing dirt all over our houses. In front of you, Krsna is so quiet and well behaved. But when He enters our homes He acts frivolously, steals our food, speaks sharp words, and becomes angry and greedy."
In this way the ladies of Vrndavana, pretending to be angry, made many complaints against Krsna. But in reality Krsna's joyous pranks filled everyone with pleasure. When accused by the gopis, Krsna feigned innocence and shed false tears. Though culpable for His immoral acts of stealing and offending the villagers in various ways, Krsna tried to minimize His misdeeds by speaking very sweetly.
Responding to the charges of the gopis, Krsna said, "Mother, none of these ladies have any affection in their hearts. They are not speaking a single word of truth. Actually they are all liars, and have given up their human dignity. Whenever I see them or their sons I feel completely happy. oecause of the natural affection I have for them, I regularly visit their homes every morning at sunrise.
“Ma, so knowing My motives you can easily understand they are deliberately telling lies. You should not believe them at all. Mother, since you are My worshipable superior, from now on I will not visit My friends any more.” Saying this, Kṛṣṇa sobbed and cried.
Vrajesvari Yasoda put Kṛṣṇa on her lap and smiled shyly at the gopis in order to conceal her real mood. Then just to please Kṛṣṇa, Yasoda said, “You gopis are all telling lies, Only Kṛṣṇa is telling the truth. He is just an innocent boy, so how could He possibly do such things? I think you have already scolded my son sufficiently." After saying this, Yasoda spoke affectionately with the gopis. Then as a friendly gesture, Rohini applied tilaka to their foreheads and sent them home.
After the departure of the gopis, Yasoda, who is expert in the laws of etiquette, spoke to Krsna, "My son, because of greed You performed many improper acts in the homes of our friends. Although in Your own home such behavior is acceptable, in the home of another it is totally unbecoming. 0 beautiful one! These deeds of Yours were not good at all. From now on just stay here and play." After instructing her son Yasoda caressed Him lovingly.
Just then Vrajaraja Nanda arrived and brightened the room with his favorable feelings. Nanda spoke pleasing words to encourage and pacify his charming son. "0 Vatsa! Come sit on my lap." Leaving Yasoda^ lap, Krsna climbed up on Nanda's lap and wrapped His arm around Hislather's neck. Then Krsna said softly, "Why is mother chastising Me for nothing?"
Nanda responded, "What is this all about?"
That fabulous boy of oceanic intelligence replied, "Mother, now tell truthfully what happened."
Then mother Yasoda recounted the misdeeds of Krsna by repeating the words uttered by the gopis.
Pointing to Queen Yasoda, Vrajaraja Nanda said, "My son is faultless. He has not done anything wrong. I always see Him behaving nicely. By siding with those who made fun of Him and with those who showed envy toward my jewel-like son, you have wrongly accused my well-behaved son and so you should be punished." Concealing his real mood behind these words, Nanda rebuked Yasoda and comforted his son: "0 my darling son, just stay in my lap and do not go to anyone else."
Though hearing His father's words, Krsna immediately jumped off his lap just like an unpredictable child, and quickly climbed on Yasoda's lap. Seeing this gave both parents a hearty laugh.
Krsna Plays in the Village
One day Vrajaraja Nanda and Yasoda spoke about their son, the vanquisher of many demons. "When Krsna is out playing He likes to wander off alone leaving the powerful Balarama behind. We should hire someone to supervise Their play, and send some expert servants to accompany Them. Let them wander all over Vrndavana serving our two boys." Shortly later, Nanda engaged some servants to take care of his boys.
Every morning after leaving their respective houses, the cowherd boys came to the home of Krsna and Balarama. The meeting of Krsna and Balarama with Their friends and servants looked like a king meeting his ministers and advisors. As a baby elephant picks up dirt with his trunk and throws it all around, Krsna entered the open fields of the village, and olayfully covered Himself and His friends with vraja-raja (dust of Vrndavana). At this time Krsna used to sport with both young boys and girls of the same age. Sometimes Krsna quarreled with the gopas and gopis and beat them, and other times they beat Him. Krsna responded by laughing, getting angry, or by not reacting at all.
Playing in the dirt Krsna, built houses, a toy wall, or a small town. Other times He broke the dirt houses of His friends and they broke His. When Krsna rebuilt His house, they would break it again. While curiously observing these antics from the sky, the demigods thought, "Simply by His glance thousands of unlimited universes come into existence and then again are dissolved. Instead of bothering with that work, He now plays in the dirt making roads, homes, and villages. Although He is becoming exhausted from doing this, He does not give it up." Krsna's perplexing pastimes captivated the minds of the demigods. While Krsna delighted in the dirt, He looked like the sun shining in the sky.
The housewives of Vrndavana, full of motherly affection, addressed Krsna with sweet words, "0 darling boy! Please come to our beautiful courtyards, play with our children, and take some food." Hearing this, Krsna smiled and replied softly, "I cannot come because I do not have any spare time." Thus the all-attractive beloved of every mother's heart cleverly responded to the elderly gopis. Anxious to express their motherly affection toward Krsna, these impatient gopis held His hand and hurried to their homes. In their eyes, fortune had blessed Krsna alone as the sole recipient of matchless beauty. Brimming with love, the elderly gopis served Krsna by rubbing His body and bathing Him. With great devotion they fed Him butter, rabri and ksira, and then sent Him home.
Krsna Eats Clay
One day Krsna ate some clay in order to expand the glories of His beloved land of Vrndavana and to purify the universe. Upon seeing that, Balarama, who possesses keen powers of discrimination, and a group of cowherd boys ran to tell mother Yasoda. "Mother! Krsna cannot control His mind. Out of greed He just ate some clay! Despite our rebukes, He Just keeps eating more and more."
On hearing such harsh words about her son, Mother Yasoda felt disturbed. Her eyebrows raised in anger, she grabbed a bundle of sticks and quickly ran out of the house. Finding Krsna, she said. "Hey You naughty "oy! Why did You eat clay? Didn't I give You enough sweets? Who can enjoy eating clay? Just as we caught You before doing mischief in others' homes, now we caught You again. Don't You realize that You cannot hide Your faults? Your elder brother and friends are always there to witness all Your misbehavior."
In fear of His mother, Krsna tried to conceal His faults. Though performing many mischievous deeds. He pretended to be completely innocent, and poured profuse tears from His lotus eyes. In order to counteract the charges, Krsna said emphatically, "Mother! I did not eat any clay. They are all lying. If you do not believe Me, then just look in My mouth." Vrajesvari Yasoda replied, "Alright, open Your mouth."
Krsna, the embodiment of unlimited power and the abode of good fortune, smiled and opened His lotus mouth. Mother Yasoda saw Bhuloka and the seven islands amidst limitless oceans. Bhuloka extended for a great distance with varieties of human beings and roaring rivers along its edges. Both small and large forests covered its surface. Trees^wrapped with flowering creepers blowing in the wind spread in all directions.
Lions and many types of animals inhabited its huge mountain chains. She saw the lower planetary systems including Nagaloka and the Nagapatnis serving their master. She saw the heavens complete with stars, planets, constellations, and the passing of the days. She saw the abodes of the celestials populated by Siddhas, Caranas, Gandharavas, and Vidyadharas. Munis such as Marichi, Atri, and other famous sages beautified that realm with their radiant auras. Beyond that, Yasoda saw Maharloka, Tapaloka, and other universes as well. Countless living entities from the insignificant insects up to demigods like Indra and Brahma inhabited those regions. Within Krsna's mouth Yasoda also saw herself, Nanda Maharaja, Vraja-dhama, and her son Nandanandana.
Upon marveling at these sights, mother Yasoda said, "What am I seeing? Am I dreaming? Is it the illusory energy? Is it a show of magic? Am I under a hypnotic spell?" This pastime put Yasoda into complete bewilderment. But after a moment, the wise Yasoda thought, "Indeed, this must have been a display of Krsna's limitless power and opulence." Forgetting all these ideas, Yasoda tried to find out what had happened. Regardless of what she had seen, Yasoda felt that Krsna must protect her.
Upon seeing that amazing universal form, mother Yasoda concluded that her son was a most extraordinary personality. She thought, "Mahadeva himself must be astounded by the majesty and influence of my son. Certainly Krsna must be the supreme controller." Although Krsna revealed Himself as the supreme controller, due to the influence of Yogamay?-, mother Yasoda continued to treat Him as her dependent son. In order to expedite the free exchange of sweet intimate love between Himself and His dear devotees, Krsna quickly abandoned His mood as the Absolute Su
Gopal Champu
[24] Telling the story in the proper order, the story will be in a different order from what is narrated in Bhāgavatam.
Skillful poets put the pastimes in proper order for taste, though Śukadeva spoke from intoxication of prema without following the proper order. ||16||
[25] The younger brother had passed a little less than a hundred days and Balarāma had passed slightly more days.
The mothers were with the children at all times and the father was there sometimes. They would ask the boys, “Is he part of our family?” when Nanda arrived. When their childhood became prominent and they recognized people, splendor spread in the village and the universe like an ocean of nectar. ||17||
[26] Thinking of the appropriate day for giving the names to the children, Vasudeva decided on highly qualified Garga, an ocean of austerity. Going to him alone, he requested Garga to make arrangements for his sons. With a smile Garga said, “I know many things but now give me instruction on what I should do.”
[27] Vasudeva said, “Go to Vraja quickly and perform the saṁskāras of the second born for the two boys living together, without the thread ceremony or the marriage ceremony.
[28] The sage said, “That is proper. I will do as you say.”
[29] When Garga arrived on the morning of the hundredth day, the village was attractive with millions of calves dancing about, jumping here and there. Since the cows had gone to the forest, the pens were empty. Nanda brought only a servant with him to see the beauty of the ceremony. In that pure place, using the eight-syllable mantra, he performed worship of a śālagrāma called Lakśmī-nārāyaṇa whom he had worshiped from childhood and who gave bliss to all by his excellent marks. When he had finished his worship, Garga, the most knowledgeable guru, the best of all sages, with speech like the Sāma Veda, arrived. Seeing the calves prick up their ears, Nanda understood that someone had come.
Garga saw Nanda, who was like the rising moon, not too old, with dazzling face and eyes. He was solidly built, tall, with long arms, spreading joy in all directions. He wore white cloth and was ornamented in his ears and on his hands which shone attractively. He astonished the universe with the affection he had for his son. ||18||
[30] Nanda had desired for a long time that Garga come to Vraja, since the sage was worthy of worship everywhere. Why should he not be seen?
[31] He recognized Garga for being so famous. Nanda with great pleasure, as if having drunk nectar, quickly offered him a seat and offered respects with folded hands, humility and great devotion as if he were the Lord. He worshiped Garga shining like Brahman with many articles which remained after worshipping the Lord. He spoke:
It is not necessary to ask about your health, since when you come all is auspicious. But the wise ask expert questions from you, who is filled with auspiciousness, for their welfare. ||19||
It is impudent to ask you to be welcome since you are most worshipable. As it is suitable in deity worship it is suitable for you as well. ||20||
One should not satisfy a person by words alone though he has all wealth. Those who are incomplete in anyway should be made complete. ||21||
The devotee does not desire his own benefit but works for others’ benefit. Since you have come for others’ benefit, it is proper to tell you about the activities to be done. ||22||
You know astrology and the Vedas. These are for the benefit of others. I ask you about this. ||23||
Be merciful and shower these two boys, one born from me and another from Vasudeva, with the nectar of your knowledge. ||24||
[32] Hearing these words, Garga spoke in a choked voice, “If the donor gives what the asker desires they both obtain benefit. How much can the benefit be described?” ||25||
[33] Praising the sage, Nanda whispered in the ear of the servant, “Do this. Now do this.” He then had the sage inform him about Vasudeva who was being harassed by evil Kaṁsa.
[34] While they were discussing, the servant, understanding the purpose of the visit, entered the inner chambers and brought the sons on their mothers’ laps. Putting the mothers in front, holing a gold plate with flowers and sandalwood, he came by a solitary route.
Seeing from a distance the two children on the chest of their mothers, he quickly rose as if influenced by mantras or gems. The reason for respect was the power of the Lord and nothing external. ||26||
Seeing the two boys playing in the laps of their mothers, his eyes stopped blinking and he could not prevent tears from flowing from his eyes. ||27||
[35] The mothers with their sons approached humbly and in silence offered respects to the sage. He gave blessing in a loud voice:
“O son of Nanda! Give bliss to your father, mother, and all persons related to their dynasties and to all friends of the dynasties, and to the whole universe. O son of Vasudeva! Give bliss to all!” ||28||
[36] Garga who had pronounced blessings sat on his seat by the request of Nanda. In front and somewhat at a distance were the two boys.
They were like viśṇukrānta creepers with white and black flowers. ||29||
[37] On the order of the sage, the two women sat down. Garga’s knowledge senses became absorbed in the boys. Nanda waited for a few moments and then with folded hands expressed his desire:
“A qualified person can make another person qualified. One who gives qualification gets his qualification from the Vedic knowledge. Among all knowers of the Veda you are the best. Please perform the saṁskāras for the two boys born of the twice-born.” ||30||
[38] Garga said, “Though you are born in a kṣatriya dynasty your mother’s side comes from respectable vaiśyas. Brāhmaṇas who have become gurus for vaiśyas should do your saṁskāras. I should not do them.”
[39] Nanda said, “That is true but sometimes with special qualification the normal rule is replaced by a special rule. A person who has faith in the path of renunciation with non-violence will reject violence to animals in sacrifices. Your position as a brāhmaṇa achieves importance by the general rule. How can that important position be decreased by our dynasty which has strong faith? You know this by many scriptural proofs. Therefore do not consider anything else at the moment. After you perform the name ceremony, by that beneficial act, our priests will benefit.”
[40] After considering, Garga spoke something which should be kept secret: “What you say is true. The killer of Devakī’s sons, evil Kaṁsa, will be worried by the words of Durgā. She said ‘A famous guru of the Yadu dynasty will perform the saṁskāra for the child.’ Because of Vasudeva’s worship she became substituted for this child. Divine messages are never false. Otherwise my doing this would be fully condemned.”
[41] Hearing this Nanda became disturbed for a moment. Again, with the chanting of the auspicious prayers, everything would be proper. Thinking in this way he spoke:
alakṣito ’smin rahasi māmakair api go-vraje |
kuru dvijāti-saṁskāraṁ svasti-vācana-pūrvakam ||
“Since your association is auspicious, secretly chant the Vedic hymns and perform the purifying process of second birth here in the cow shed of my house, without the knowledge of anyone else, even my relatives.” SB 10.8.10
[42] Garga said, “Let that be. By your desire things will be auspicious. The time has become suitable unexpectedly. Let the name ceremony begin.” He then performed the invocation for auspiciousness. Indicating the elder brother he spoke:
“Since he will be praised by friends for having the best qualities and will give pleasure to unlimited people he will be called Rāma. Because he is strong he will be called Bala. Because he is equally divided between you, Nanda, and the Yadus including Vasudeva, he will be called Saṅkarṣaṇa.” ||"31||
[43] Indicating the younger child he said:
In Satya, Treta and Kali yugas he is white, red and yellow according to his particular mood. Because he is Śyāma, the root of the forms, he is called Kṛṣṇa in this birth. ||32||
Because your son was born from Vasudeva in a previous birth he will be called Vāsudeva. ||33||
If I do not know all the names describing his qualities and activities and do not know all his forms which are praised by all people, others certainly cannot know. ||34||
In bliss Nanda said to the sage, “All this does not stay in my mind. You, being omniscient, are my shelter.” ||35||
Nanda again spoke, “Please inspect the good and bad results for my son.” When he said this Garga, filled with the power of Brahman, laughed and inspected the good and bad signs of the child. ||36||
[44] These indications have been described in the astrological text called Kha-mānikya (sky ruby). The moon, Mars, Mercury and Saturn are exalted. The ascendant is Taurus. Jupiter is in Pisces, the eleventh house. The sun is in Leo, Venus is in Libra and Rāhu is in Scorpio. It is the eighth lunar day of the dark moon. The birth took place at midnight on Wednesday, during Rohiṇī constellation. At this time lotus-eyed Kṛṣṇa, param brahma, was born.
The moon was in Taurus, Mercury was in Virgo, Saturn was in Libra and Mars was in Capricorn. ||37||
Since your son was born in the year called Vibhāvasu, the universe and Vasu will be pleased with him. ||38||
Since he was born in Rohiṇī constellation, he will be the lord of thousands of cows. Since his ascendant is Taurus he will be lord of millions of bulls. ||39||
Since his planets are dignified, he will have great majesty. The sages will concentrate their minds on him because of his power. ||40||
He will speak all scriptures by his power and destroy the demons while protecting the devotees. ||41||
It is useless to say that you, as the mother and father, will attain good fortune. He will be auspicious for the whole world and for auspicious Śiva. ||42||
His amazing actions will produce great bliss for many people. He will protect the devatās while afflicting the demons, proud of their previous powers. ||43||
It is not surprising that he will deliver you, since you have prema. But he will also liberate all people with false sentiments. ||44||
O Nanda! Your son with all good qualities is equal to Nārāyaṇa. Be careful to protect this child with all your power, wealth and fame. Because you have controlled Nārāyaṇa you have such a son. O king! He will not be able to protect himself unless you help him. ||45||
[45] You will give him many names since he has qualities equal to Nārāyaṇa. I have thus in brief given the meaning of his chart.
[46] Hearing this Nanda was happy. Garga again spoke: “By your desire I have come and will perform the saṁskāras of the twice-born for the two boys. However, piercing the ears and cutting hair cannot be done. See, already there are small holes in his ears. I cannot cut the fine hair. You should do the first grains ceremony. Taking the thread, graduation and marriage you cannot do by your own efforts. I will do these since I am knowledgeable of time and special sacrifices.”
[47] For a few moments Garga just gazed at the two boys, his mind enchanted.
When he saw that the two children were completely attached to their parents, he thought they might be aware of his disguised speech and became reserved. ||46||
With that reserved mind he gave orders to Nanda and then left. But the two boys remained in his mind as if he were still situated in Vraja. ||47||
[48] As he left, Nanda followed him, offering respects along with the two boys. Garga said, “May you remain prosperous with the cows and your son. I am going now.”
[49] Nanda began thinking of his good fortune internally because of having this beautiful son:
“After a long time, I have got a son. Because of such full bliss, I should think that he is equal to Nārāyaṇa. The great souls have indicated this. I have thus become full of bliss.” ||"48||
[50] Secretly he sent millions of cows with gifts, as well as gold coins red like indragopa insects to Garga through cowherd men: “Please use this for your own and others’ sacrifices.”
[51] Calling the local brāhmaṇas he then gave joy to all by celebrating a huge name-giving ceremony publicly.
[52] Understanding this, Madhukaṇṭha spoke with a choked voice:
“The name-giver gives fame to another person by giving him a name. In this case the name- giver Garga became famous by giving names to Kṛṣṇa.” ||49||
[53] Madhukaṇtḥa thought, “Garga has said that Kṛṣṇa is hari-sama (equal to Nārāyaṇa). This is correct. Taking the phrase as a bahuvrīhi compound instead of a tat-puruṣa compound (Kṛṣṇa is equal to Nārāyaṇa) the meaning becomes “Kṛṣṇa is superior to Nārāyaṇa (He to whom Nārāyaṇa is similar).”
[54] He spoke aloud, “You have not described the name-giving ceremony in detail or the giving of grains at all. Please describe this.”
[55] Snigdhakaṇṭha spoke with a smile:
“The name-giving and grain giving both took place in Vraja as great festivals. This is my desire. I cannot describe anything else.” ||50||
[56] Snigdhakaṇṭha spoke with bliss:
Please hear what happened next. After Garga had given the names and left, from that time Nanda and his relatives called Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma by those names. ||51||
When Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma listened with attentive ears, gazed with their eyes, mistook a call for their brother as a call for them, and made their ornaments jingle in a solitary place, all the relatives became filled with bliss. ||52||
When Yaśodā, whose complexion was like that of a rain cloud, called her son by the name given by Nanda, looked at his sweet, happy face and heard his indistinct sounds, which were nectar for the ears, she spread bliss throughout the universe. ||53||
The yard of Nanda’s house became the arena for their crawling. Children who could walk came and became joyful in the company of Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma. ||54||
[57] Even today the poets sing:
Glory to you with Balarāma! You give happiness to Yaśodā by crawling. Showing your infant pastimes and your smile, you destroy the suffering of hundreds of people.
You carefully move your feet in order to give happiness by the sound of your bells.
You enter fearlessly into all the yards. You do not consider the dirt while happily playing.
Associating with unknown people, you give them benefit. You go to your mother quickly.
You hide yourself in the cloth covering Yaśodā’s breast. You hold the breast flowing with milk in your mouth.
Like a lion you smear your limbs with dirt. You are beautiful with dirt mostly removed by Yaśodā.
Drinking milk of one breast you hold the other breast, and your lustrous face is covered with the milk. ||55||
Though kaumara age generally lasts for five years, in this case it lasted three years. But that youthful period of kaiśora which derides previous and later ages does not waver (it is present at all times). ||56||
[58] kālenālpena rājarṣe rāmaḥ kṛṣṇaś ca gokule |
aghṛṣṭa-jānubhiḥ padbhir vicakramatur ojasā ||
O King Parīkṣit, within a very short time both Rāma and Kṛṣṇa began to walk very easily in Gokula on their legs, by their own strength, without the need to crawl. SB 10.8.26
[59] When Pradyumna at one year’s age came from the house of Sambara Śukadeva says:
“Thus the women became bashful and hid themselves here and there, thinking he was Kṛṣṇa.” (SB 10.55.28)
When he has an infant he was also at no other stage than the kaiśora age. This means that he does not give up the sweetness inherent in his mature body (though he is still small). ||57||
[60] The actual kaiśora age manifests with the feelings of love for the gopīs. That bhāva is described:
Longing within the gopī for Kṛṣṇa desires to actualize itself as satisfaction. When satisfaction decreases, longing increases. Though from infancy the actions of longing and satisfaction did not desire to manifest clearly, those actions manifested as tender sweetness. ||58||
[61 Please taste the sweetness of the pastimes in the proper way in verses such as the following.
O King Parīkṣit, within a very short time both Rāma and Kṛṣṇa began to walk very easily in Gokula on their legs, by their own strength, without the need to crawl. SB 10.8.26
[62] Teaching Kṛṣṇa to walk:
In teaching him to walk she would let go of his hands, but when he fell she would quickly go to him. ||59||
Going two or three steps and falling, he would cry. “O son! O son!” Saying this Yaśodā would kiss him and rock him gently. ||60||
When he showed his strength and walked a little further, looking at his mother’s smiling face, he would give her bliss. ||61||
When Kṛṣṇa walked even further from her, he would go slowly, but when he came towards her, he would come quickly, smiling. ||62||
[63] Learning to talk:
First the honey of sweet words flowed from the mouth of Balarāma. ||63||
[64] The nurse made Kṛṣṇa repeat the words.
He said “Mā, mā, tā, tā” and gave joy to his parents and all of Vraja. ||64||
The wonderful appearance of his teeth slightly showing and his pronunciation of words astonished Yaśodā. ||65||
“Are you fit for the world?” “Yes.” “Can you protect our friends?” “Yes.” In this way the mother and son conversed. ||66||
I remember Kṛṣṇa, the good fortune of Vraja, repeating new words like a parrot, pointing to objects and asking about them with his finger, being taught words by his nurses. ||67||
Taught by the mothers, Balarāma learned to call Kṛṣṇa by his name, and Kṛṣṇa called Balarāma “older brother.” ||68||
When asked the names of his body parts by an elder, he had his mother teach him the names, and would touch each limb with his finger. ||69||
[65] The brothers began to talk to each other:
“Come let us go and play.” “Mother will be angry.” “No she won’t.” In this way Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma talked. ||70||
[66] Now hear of the naughty nature of the boys:
They wanted to touch the fangs of a ferocious animal, the hood of an angry snake, the horn of a cow, the flame of a blazing fire, and the sharp edge of a knife. Prevented by their mothers, they became bold. The mothers were astonished by that boldness and forgot their household chores and their bodies. ||71||
“Naughty child! Do not go far away! There is some fierce beast living there.” Hearing those words of their mothers they became more curious to go. ||72||
It was natural that the mothers should be afraid that their children would touch some dangerous object. But poets say that such a situation indicates showing their power. ||73||
If an animal showed a ferocious nature the boys remained calm. Those fond of inference say that these boys would destroy all these sharp-toothed creatures. ||74||
[67] Gradually they became intelligent enough to fool their mothers.
“Fickle child! Do not go there.” Hearing those words of their mothers, they would laugh and with deception do what they wanted to do. ||75||
[68] Though they were young, no one could understand where the boys went for play. If they knew they were there, the boys would hide and no one could detect them.
[69] The two mothers surrounded the path and, engaging clever nurses all around, they would catch the fleeing boys.
[70] Seeing them laugh or cry, the mothers would bring them home, and would get pleasure in rubbing them with oil, bathing them, dressing them, feeding them milk and putting them to sleep.
[71] When the assembly heard this description and smiled, Kṛṣṇa, of kaiśora age, the leader of Nanda’s family, along with Balarāma, made his face attractive with a slight smile and gave delight to everyone’s eyes.
In order to conclude Snigdhakaṇṭha said:
O Nanda! You have given birth to a son who bewilders the sages with his fickle acts in childhood. ||76||
[72] When the joyful talks were completed, noble Nanda sent the speakers to their residences with ornaments and cloth as on previous days.
[1] A prahara is about three hours.
O cowherd! Nanda has great bhakti which gives all benefits. What else except that bhakti can we consider for the child’s welfare? ||25||
If a person’s intelligence is always eager for pure devotion to the Lord, the Lord approaches him and his wealth increases. ||26||
[18] The devatās discussed Kṛṣṇa’s intentions:
“I am a child. I do not know good from bad. I hold on to the neck of anyone who takes me in his lap. If you happen to die, that is not my fault. Please tell me.” ||27||
[19] The elder heroes among the cowherds gave advice: “Gokula has become the residence of demons. You must hide the two boys within the house.”
[20] The women with Kṛṣṇa’s mother, filled with anxiety for some days, protected the child, engaging him in play with many toys. Many infant boys, girls and women came with compassion and saw the joyful play.
Laughing, they would show Kṛṣṇa the toys and make him play with Balarāma. In this way they protected the two boys within the house. ||28||
Sometimes he would show strength and sometimes would stand gently. Showing a high or low nature, he would make the women laugh. ||29|| [
In front of the mothers he would throw up his arms and run around, showing his strength while laughing. When he fell down, he would cry. ||30||
They would order him to bring things, in order to see his strength and intelligence. Sometimes, showing his strength and sometimes not, he would look at them and smile. This would make them laugh. ||31||
When told to bring a particular object, he would agree and bring the object. In this way he gave his mother great happiness. ||32||
When he cried, demanding the moon which was reflected in the churning pot, elder women satisfied him by giving a lump of butter. ||33|| [
When someone would steal a few pennies from him as a joke, he would cry, as if some jewels had been stolen. But he would laugh when he stole jewels from others. ||34||
“O son of Nanda, with attractive childhood! O brother of Balarāma! We will perform āratrika for you. Dance! Dance!” When the women said this he replied with, “thi thi thithi thi” and, keeping the beat with his hands, would dance. ||35||
“O elders! You make me dance!” Saying this he would come before them. “Being most gracious, you dance nicely.” Hearing this he would dance. ||36||
When they would laugh because of his skill or his stumbling, out of shyness while dancing, he would run to his mother’s lap. ||37||
[21] After giving up dancing he would drink milk. Seeing this, Balarāma in an angry mood, desiring attention, would also drink milk from his mother.
[22] When the two boys became tired from playing, the two mothers and aunts would gently put them to sleep.
[23] When they were kept inside and desired to go out to play, Yogamāyā arranged for favorable circumstances for going out by making them grow bigger and stronger.
ekadārbhakam ādāya svāṅkam āropya bhāvinī |
prasnutaṁ pāyayāmāsa stanaṁ sneha-pariplutā ||
pīta-prāyasya jananī sutasya rucira-smitam |
lālayantī mukhaṁ viśvaṁ jṛmbhato dadṛśe idam ||
One day mother Yaśodā, having taken Kṛṣṇa up and placed him on her lap, was feeding him milk from her breast with maternal affection. The milk was flowing from her breast, and the child was drinking it.
O King Parīkṣit, when the child Kṛṣṇa was almost finished drinking his mother’s milk and mother Yaśodā was touching him and looking at his beautiful, brilliantly smiling face, the baby yawned, and mother Yaśodā saw in his mouth the whole universe. SB 10.7.34-5
[24] When he saw his wife full of astonishment, Nanda inquired from her, “I have ordered that the children be confined out of fear of danger. Has that been carried out?”
[25] She said, “It has been done, but it is useless.”
[26] Nanda said, “Oh! Why is that?”
[27] She said, “They have been forbidden from wandering about Vraja. When the child, smiling, yawned, I saw the universe in his mouth.”
[28] Nanda, seeing the strangeness of the situation, became silent, thinking of the child as Nārāyaṇa. After some time he spoke: “If this is so, this is the desire of Nārāyaṇa, who protects his devotees. He has produced all these worries. All this is his arrangement.”
[29] After this, according to Nanda’s words, restrictions were lifted for the boys. One day, Kṛṣṇa, offering respects to Yaśodā, went to play with Balarāma, Śrīrāma, Sudāma and Vasudāma.
[30] When Kṛṣṇa, whose feet are marked with the cakra, ate dirt, Balarāma and others who were engaged by Yaśodā to prevent dangerous play, told Yaśodā what he had done.
[31] Coming secretly, she grabbed his hand and asked, “O fickle boy! Did you do this bad act?”
[32] Bowing his lotus face, he spoke with despair to his mother, “O mother! I didn’t do anything.”
[33] His mother said, “You ate some dirt.”
[34] Her son said, “Who said that?”
[35] His mother said, “All your friends have said this.”
[36] Her son said, “They all stole sweets from their houses and, showing them to each other shamelessly with greed, ate them. I did not want to eat stolen food, so they have tried to silence me by force and trickery. Thinking that I would tell you they have told you a lie because of their insignificant quarrel with me.”
[37] Astonished, his mother, nodding her head, said with a smile, “O king of pretenders! Your older brother has spoken. What do you say?”
[38] Her son said, “They are together speaking lies.”
[39] The mother said, “O liar! O son! Why would Baladeva speak words without proof?”
[40] The son said, “He is on their side. Another day he also ate dirt. Since I was going to inform you of this, he has been speaking lies to make my words false.”
[41] Holding his mouth and smiling, she said, “Do you always eat dirt?”
[42] The son said, “As I said before, they forcibly put something in my throat.”
[43] His mother said, “Rascal! How can I know that?”
[44] The son said, “You can look in my mouth now.”
[45] The mother said with a smile and anger, “Please show me.”
[46] With fear he quickly opened his mouth which had traces of dirt in it.
[47] Understanding Kṛṣṇa’s fear and in order to solve his problem and pacify his mother’s anger with display of a different rasa, Yogamāyā entered within and caused her to see the universe.
[48] Yaśodā then began to reflect:
“I see the world outside, but I see it in his mouth. In the world there is the earth, and in it is Mathurā, within Mathurā is Gokula, and within Gokula is Vraja. I am within Gokula, holding this child. How can this be? How has this happened?” ||38||
[49] Thinking it was a complicated dream, she then verified the situation:
“I am Yaśodā, Nanda is my husband, this is my son, and this is Gokula. I have seen the universe within the mouth of this child by the māyā of the Lord. He should make my intelligence steady.” ||39||
[50] Understanding that thinking of her son as Nārāyaṇa was not appropriate, she then became filled with affection as a mother while showing astonishment for her son who is known by affection when he appears as avatāra. All the scriptures glorify this affection.
nemaṁ viriṣco na bhavo na śrīr apy aṅga-saṁśrayā
prasādaṁ lebhire gopī yat tat prāpa vimuktidāt
Neither Lord Brahmā, nor Lord Śiva, nor even the goddess of fortune, who is always the better half of the Supreme Lord, can obtain from the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the deliverer from this material world, such mercy as received by mother Yaśodā. SB 10.9.20
[51] Hear another amusing story. Kṛṣṇa, who gives bliss to all, heard the attractive words, “Please purchase these fruits.” (SB 10.11.10) Restless-eyed Kṛṣṇa, not finding anything to give, in his small hands took a handful of grains which had fallen on the ground and quickly went to the fruit seller. But in moving quickly the grains fell from his small hands without his knowing. He went to exchange his empty hands for the basket of fruit.
[52] The fruit-seller smiled and was overcome by the sweet expression on his smiling face. Making him hold his eager hands out, the woman from who he begged fruit filled his hands with fruits.
[53] Enchanted by his sweetness, she did not consider whether her basket was full or empty. When Kṛṣṇa entered his house, not seeing that her basket made of leaves was full of jewels and not noticing the load, she became absorbed in Kṛṣṇa’s beauty. She went home to get more fruit for his family members. When she got home and realized she had jewels in her basket, in separation from the attractive face of Kṛṣṇa, the fortunate women began to consider that she had been deprived of the great treasure of his beauty since in seeing him she had forgotten the whole world.
[54] Knowing that he had brought happiness after great difficulties to the woman, he began dancing as if holding great treasure in his hands. He approached his mother and showing sweet, fickle actions, enthusiastically bound all the fruit in the edge of his mother’s cloth.
[55] His mother said, “Where did you get these fruits?”
[56] The son said in half words like a child, “An old fortunate woman collected some fruits and taking the price in grains gave me these fruits.”
[57] His mother said, “O child! Do not trust all people like people of this house.”
[58] The son said, “I do not know about mistrust.”
[59] Seeing the fruit seller return after some time, Kṛṣṇa again went to her and then had his mother distribute the fruits to others at every opportunity.
[60] His mother blissfully distributed the fruit with her trembling hands, but could never exhaust the fruit. For several days, she remained smiling and astonished. Those who tasted the fruit became surprised by the sweetness and could not forget it.
[61] Madhukaṇṭha then thought again in order to describe other pastimes:
It is the custom that when the cows and cowherds go to the forest in the day, the women do cleaning in relation to the cows and the children and calves play by themselves. ||40||
[62] One time when there was no milk in the house, Kṛṣṇa brought his friends from everywhere into the calves’ pen to get milk and closed the doors of the calves’ pen.
Pretending to be cowherds, they took the goats as cows and the young goats as calves, and pretended to milk the goats. ||41||
When the goats acted as cows and the boys acted as cowherds, their talking caused by loud laughter became the milk. ||42||
When Kṛṣṇa in consultation with Balarāma desired to imitate herding the cows, he freed all the new calves. ||43||
Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma, desiring to protect the calves, grabbed their tails. The calves pulled then around the yard along with the other boys. ||44||
[63] Hearing that Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma were coming, following the calves, and then seeing them, the best of women began describing them in broken words.
Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma are playing in a strong sporting mood in this place with their friends while laughing.
They hold the tails of the calves and are skillful at making affectionate quarrels.
Their eyes are happy to see each house. The two hold sticks in their hands like the elder cowherds.
When the calves run fast they follow at the same speed. The two have long braids which move about.
One is white like the autumn cloud and the other is dark like the monsoon cloud.
The two flash rays of lightning with their darting eyes.
Their scattered hair covers their faces. Two lotuses with bees fade in comparison.
One wears fine blue cloth and the other wears fine golden cloth. Ankle bells jingle on their feet. ||45||
[64] In each of the yards the women would say, “I will go ahead” and followed the boys.
They understood that those two boys could immediately produce joy just by their sight and could enchant everyone. They would see the two with their tall and short friends discussing, arguing and contradicting each other. Talking in this way, they praised the two boys on the pretext of describing their friends. Some women made the two boys drink sweet juice whose every sip defeated nectar. One woman gave a beautiful jeweled necklace, the life of her house, and made them use it attractively. One woman began to serve the two boys with a composition of attractive words filled with prema. The women said that they were attracted to seeing all the calves with their ears pointed up but began laughing like persons being praised. Their hair became undone and their minds became unsteady. Saying that they would tell the mothers about their clever behavior, the woman then left that place. Not considering their mothers and fathers, they began scolding the two boys with affectionate quarrels, using deceit. In this pleasurable way, Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma both played during their infant years.
[65] The two mothers, their eyes filled with anxiety, began to go to various solitary places in Vraja on their own, saying, “Where are these two boys?” Nurses, who cursed the boys in anger, though they worshiped them with bliss, went out with the boys’ aunts who talked about the boys, in order to search for them. The two mothers went with other women, talking as they went, making a joyous commotion, “The two must have gone this way.” They followed their footprints while the two boys fled. They went secretly waving their forefingers, so that no one would know that they were approaching. Secretly looking at the boys, from their hiding place they suddenly grabbed the arms of the two boys. But all the boys fled in different directions. Among the women, some who were favorable and some who were opposed to the boys’ naughty behavior went with the two mothers. The nurses for whom the boys had great affection came, bringing the calves.
[66] Coming to different houses and roads, the brother of Balarāma would engage in frivolous actions with his friends. Yaśodā desired to see his boldness but some women, desiring to see her bliss increase, began criticizing his actions, as if quarrelling, while giving her respect. In this way they criticized and resolved their issues.
[67] Yaśodā appeared in the gathering.
She sat on a golden throne and the other women sat on rows of seats while displaying their wealth of love. Tasting Kṛṣṇa’s joyful topics filled with the nectar of prema, Yaśodā satisfied them and they satisfied her. She was a glorious flagpole with her shining limbs in that assembly with the women. ||46||
[68] They exchanged words as follows:
Gopī: Your son does bad things.
Yaśodā: O foul-mouthed woman! What did my son do?
Gopī: He goes around and lets all the calves loose.
Yaśodā: He is helping you.
Gopī: He does this at the wrong time. This causes problems.
Yaśodā: Why would anyone do something without cause?
Gopī: O Yaśodā! He does it without cause.
Yaśodā: Angry woman! Do you not use harsh language?
Gopī: When I revile him, your son simply laughs.
Yaśodā: If you have nothing else in the house, just give him some water and you can control him.
Gopī: He goes from house to house stealing, and then eats the stolen goods with relish.
Yaśodā: Ignorant woman! Is it proper to give such evidence?
Gopī: Your son is the guru for all methods of stealing.
Yaśodā: Liar! Everything you say is impossible.
Gopī: If we place the food high, he climbs up.
Yaśodā: You can keep milk and other things high up so he cannot get them.
Gopī: From far away he pokes holes in the milk pots.
Yaśodā: How does he know the pots have milk in them?
Gopī: He is expert at guessing.
Yaśodā: He is not like that.
Gopī: He knows how to do everything in stealth.
Yaśodā: Ah! You can hide everything in secret places.
Gopī: Because his body acts as a lamp, it is impossible to hide anything in dark places.
Yaśodā: Your body is covered in kuṁkuma so you show yourself to him easily.
Gopī: Your son with the effulgence from his jewels does not know darkness.
Yaśodā: Wwhat child is without ornaments?
Gopī: He feeds food to the monkeys with force.
Yaśodā: But monkeys can eat only a little butter. What are you thinking?
Gopī: If the monkeys cannot eat, he breaks the pots and says everything is contaminated by the monkeys. Then he makes the babies cry.
Yaśodā: I will ask the head women.
Gopī: He makes other boys urinate in the houses.
Yaśodā: No, that is some spilled powder mixed with oil.
Gopī: In front of you he remains obedient.
Yaśodā: Your words are most astonishing. ||47||
[69] Because Yaśodā did not believe they again repeated everything. This is not surprising for the following reason.
All the sense devatās reside hidden within the senses in Goloka. Among them the mind is stolen by Kṛṣṇa. If that is so, what else can he not steal? ||48||
[70] The complaints of the women caused his eyes to dart about and changed the color of his lotus face. Seeing this, Yaśodā laughed and the other women followed with laughter, as if cursing him, “Even if we cannot correct, in your own house atleast he should act correctly.”
[71] Smiling, Yaśodā said, “That is good. I will take your good wishes to heart.”
[72] Considering that he would always come to their houses since Yaśodā had a soft nature, they continued to act in this way.
[73] Madhukaṇṭha then concluded:
“O king of Vraja! The nature of your son is extraordinary. He defeats Tṛnāvarta and is yet afraid of his mother.” ||49||
[74] As on the previous day, putting Nanda in front, taking the pastimes as if they were happening that day into their hearts, everyone returned to their houses.
[1] Rubbing sesame on the body, bathing is sesame water, sesame homa, gifting sesame, eating sesame, planting sesame.
[2] Releasing a fish on a birthday is mentioned in Kṛṣṇa-janma-tithi-vidhi of Rūpa Gosvāmī. It brings long life.